Which of the following factors does NOT typically influence impulse buying?

Impulse buying is significantly influenced by various environmental and marketing factors within a retail setting. Store layout, merchandising strategies, and product placement are all designed to improve visibility and accessibility, enticing customers to make unplanned purchases. These elements create an appealing shopping experience and stimulate spontaneous decision-making among customers.

In contrast, personal education level generally does not play a direct role in influencing impulse buying. While educated consumers may be more discerning or critical in their purchasing decisions, the act of impulse buying is often linked to emotional triggers and situational factors rather than cognitive evaluations that could be influenced by one's level of education. Therefore, it stands out as the factor that typically does not influence impulse buying behavior in the same way that the retail environment and marketing techniques do.